Sperm Bank – A Modern Solution for Infertility Treatment

A sperm bank offers a solution for conceiving a child in cases where conception with the biological father is not possible. This method is used in the following situations:

• Severe male infertility that is unresponsive to treatment
• High risk of inheriting genetic diseases
• Absence of a male partner for women wishing to have a child

Safety and Reliability Come First
Donor sperm is always frozen (cryopreservation) and stored in liquid nitrogen for at least six months. This ensures the elimination of infection risks: the donor is retested before the sperm is used.

Psychological Considerations

Choosing to use donor sperm requires conscious decision-making and open communication between partners. The child will not be genetically related to the intended father, so it's important to discuss ethical, psychological, and social implications in advance.

How Are Donors Selected?
Before entering the donor program, candidates undergo a comprehensive medical evaluation including:

• Testing for HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B and C, and STIs (e.g., gonorrhea, chlamydia, herpes, cytomegalovirus, ureaplasma, mycoplasma)
• Exams by a general practitioner, urologist, and psychiatrist
• Consultation with a geneticist
• Genetic screening (karyotyping, cystic fibrosis test, AZF microdeletion test)

After sperm donation, the sample is placed in a 6-month quarantine. The donor is retested for major infections, and only upon a second negative result is the sperm cleared for use.

Applications of Donor Sperm
 Donor sperm is used in:

• Intrauterine insemination (IUI)
• In vitro fertilization (IVF)

The protocols follow standard IUI or IVF procedures using donor material.

 Note: The success rates with cryopreserved sperm are comparable to those with fresh sperm.

Who Can Be a Donor?
There are two types of donors:

• Anonymous – professional donors with strictly confidential records
• Known – relatives or acquaintances of the patient

Donor Requirements:

• Aged 18–35
• Good general health
• Physically and mentally sound
• No hereditary diseases
• Attractive appearance (proportional body, symmetrical facial features)

Semen Quality Requirements:

• Volume: ≥ 2 ml
• Concentration: > 80 million/ml
• Motility: > 60%
• Normal morphology: > 3%
• High post-thaw survival rate (cryotolerance)

Donor Examination Schedule:

• General practitioner & urologist – annually
• Psychiatrist – once
• STI screening (PCR/serology) – every 6 months
• Blood tests for HIV, syphilis, hepatitis – every 3 months
• Genetic consultation – once
• Blood type and Rh factor determination
• Cytogenetic analysis (karyotype, AZF, cystic fibrosis)

Indications for Donor Sperm Use
Male Factors:

• Male infertility (azoospermia, no sperm cells)
• Inability to produce ejaculate
• Severe genetic disorders

Female Factors:

• No male partner
• Desire to become a mother outside of a partnership

Contraindications

• Severe physical or mental illnesses that prevent pregnancy
• Uterine abnormalities incompatible with embryo implantation
• Malignant tumors (including past history)
• Severe hormonal or inflammatory disorders
• Other conditions as assessed by a physician

Still Have Questions?

 Our specialists are available to consult you on every aspect of the program.